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Muscular

Regional Interdependence and Neck Pain

Regional interdependence (RI) can be defined by the influence that a remote dysfunctional movement pattern in one part of the body may have on a client’s primary report of pain and symptoms in another region of the body (Sueki, Cleland, & Wainner, 2013). Such a paradigm shift from a traditional structural perspective, which considers symptoms of pain,…

Why We Need 12-24 Sessions With Post-Rehab Clients

Kinesiology is an emerging field, slowly finding its place amongst other allied health and health care professions. Historically, Kinesiology is new, compared to the inception and growth of other established professions (i.e., massage therapy, physiotherapy, chiropractic, and medicine). Often, (I do not believe this to be intentional), our message, scope of practice, and efficaciousness appears…

Grip Strength and Shoulder Post-Rehab

Shoulder pain and dysfunction are common with a 6–11% prevalence in the under-fifties and 16–25% in the elderly (Alizadehkhaiyat, Fisher, Kemp, Vishwanathan, & Frostick, 2011). Alizadehkhaiyat et al. (2011) submitted that the infraspinatus (ISP) and supraspinatus (SSP), specifically, have key multifunctional roles to shoulder stability and movement. It is the contention of Alizadehkhaiyat et al….

Shoulder Instability: Solutions and Interventions

Shoulder instability is a common cause of pain within the glenohumeral (GH) joint, particularly among young athletes (Heyworth & Kocher, 2013). Although the GH joint allows a greater arc of motion compared to other joints in the body, it is also the most commonly dislocated joint in adolescents and adults (Heyworth & Kocher, 2013). Treating…

Understanding Neck Pain

Neck pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal complaint, reaching as many as 30%-50% of the adult population (Cagnie, Struyf, Cools, Castelein, Danneels, & O’Leary, 2014). Additionally, 50%-85% of those who do experience neck pain continue to report discomfort following 1-5 years after the onset (Leaver, Maher, McAuley, Jull, Latimer, & Refshauge, 2013). Thus, understanding the nature…

Maintaining Neutral Spine During the Split Squat

Janda noted a unique relationship between the skeletal system, muscular system, and the central nervous system (CNS); movement has a direct relationship to, and is a product of, interactions of the aforementioned systems (Page, Lardner, & Frank, 2010). Furthermore, distal joints and related movement patterns are inexorably affected by proximal joints and associated motor control….

Scapular Dyskinesis, and the Sensorimotor System

Physical function may be thought of as goal-directed movement, considered the link between physical actions, colloquially defined as movement, and the environment in which it takes place (Cech & Martin, 2012). Such characteristics are essential, as they permit individuals to survive, adapt, and learn within the environment (Cech & Martin, 2012). If movement is inhibited…

Biomechanical and Neurological Approaches to Movement Dysfunction

Physical function may be thought of as goal-directed movement, considered the link between physical actions, colloquially defined as movement, and the environment in which it takes place (Cech & Martin, 2012). Such characteristics are essential, as they permit individuals to survive, adapt, and learn within the environment (Cech & Martin, 2012). If movement is inhibited…

Upper Crossed Syndrome and Motor Control Principles

Extended periods of seated positions (i.e., desk-based work) can cause deleterious changes in posture over time. Such changes are characterized by a flexed thoracic spine, facilitated pectoralis major and minor muscles on the anterior side, in addition to facilitated upper trapezius and levator scapulae muscles on the posterior side. Conversely, the deep cervical flexors of…

Tensegrity and Spinal Stability

Muscles, bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, and human movement do not exist in individualized vacuums; they share a complex and interdependent relationship to one another as a means of achieving biological homeostasis, and ultimately, survival. One can visualize such co-dependence and function through the tensegrity model. Tensegrity, at its root, states that structures as small as…